IMPACT TEST ASTM D2794

Because coatings (e.g. paints, varnishes, conversion coatings and related coatings) suffer impact damage during their manufacturing and service life, it has been found that the impact resistance test method can be used to predict the impact resistance of coatings. ASTM D 2794 provides a method of rapid deformation through impact coating and its substrate, and is used to evaluate the effect of such deformation.            

The organic coatings to be tested are applied to four or more suitable thin metal plates. After the coating is cured, the standard weight decreases by a certain distance to impact the indenter, which deforms the coating and the base. The indentation can be invasive or extruded. By gradually increasing the distance of weight loss, usually one inch (25mm) at a time, the point where the failure usually occurs can be determined.            

Thin films usually rupture (see figure below). The amount of coatings removed is determined by magnifying glass, applying copper sulfate (CuSO4) solution to steel, using pinhole detectors or tape to make them more visible - Tensile tests. 

Once the visible cracks are identified, the test is repeated five times at this level, and five times above and below that level. Of course, these validation tests are conducted in random order, and consecutive tests are not conducted at the same height or on the same panel. 

Reference: Standard Test Method for ASTM D2794 Organic Coating Effect on Rapid Deformation (Impact)            

Relevant ASTM standards include: 

ASTM D1186 - Test method for nondestructive measurement of dry film thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings on iron substrates;            

ASTM D609 - Procedure for the preparation of cold rolled steel sheets for testing paints, varnishes, conversion coatings and related coated products;            ASTM D823 - Practice of producing uniform thickness films of coatings, varnishes and related products on test boards. 

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